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How to Choose a CPAP Mask: Complete Selection Guide
Your CPAP mask is the most personal element of your therapy. An ill-fitting mask leads to leaks, irritation and often treatment abandonment. This guide helps you understand the three main mask types and identify which one matches your profile.
The Three Types of CPAP Masks
1. The Full-Face Mask
The full-face mask covers both the nose and mouth. It is essential if you breathe through your mouth at night. Its seal remains reliable even with mixed breathing. However, it is more imposing on the face and may be poorly tolerated by claustrophobic patients.
Examples: AirFit F20, AirTouch F20, AirFit F40, Evora Full Face F&P, DreamWear Full Face.
2. The Nasal Mask
The nasal mask covers the nose only. It is more compact than a full-face mask and provides a better field of vision. However, it requires breathing exclusively through the nose. It is less suitable for chronic nasal congestion or mouth breathing.
Examples: AirFit N20, AirTouch N20, AirFit N30i, Evora Nasal F&P.
3. The Nasal Pillow Mask
The nasal pillow mask is the most discreet: two small inserts fit directly into the nostrils without covering the rest of the face. It is the ideal choice for side sleepers, claustrophobic patients or those with beards. It is not suitable for very high CPAP pressures (above 15-16 cm H₂O) or mouth breathers.
Examples: AirFit P10, AirFit P30i, AirFit P10 For Her.
Comparison Table of the Three Mask Types
| Criterion | Full-Face Mask | Nasal Mask | Nasal Pillow Mask |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mouth breathing | Ideal | Not suitable | Not suitable |
| Claustrophobia | Difficult | Moderate | Ideal |
| Beard | Difficult | Variable | Well suited |
| Glasses wearer | Uncomfortable | Compatible | Ideal |
| Side sleeper | Difficult | Variable | Ideal |
| High CPAP pressure | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Limit ~15-16 |
| Bulkiness | Large | Moderate | Minimal |
| Field of vision | Reduced | Partial | Completely free |
Key Criteria for Choosing
Do you breathe through your mouth?
This is the number one criterion. If you open your mouth during the night (your partner notices, or you wake up with a dry mouth), a nasal or nasal pillow mask will let air escape. You absolutely need a full-face mask - or use a chin strap with a nasal mask.
Are you claustrophobic?
Large full-face masks can be poorly tolerated. Start by trying a compact nasal mask. If claustrophobia persists, switch to a nasal pillow mask - the most open and least intrusive option.
Do you have a beard?
A beard creates gaps between the cushion and skin, generating leaks. Full-face and nasal masks are most sensitive to this problem. Nasal pillow masks (which only touch the entrance of the nostrils) handle it much better. See our full guide on CPAP masks for beards.
Do you wear glasses?
Classic full-face masks have a frame that extends towards the nose and can interfere with frames. Nasal masks and especially nasal pillow masks leave the upper face completely free.
Do you sleep on your side?
When lying on your side, bulky masks can be pressed against the pillow, causing leaks. Nasal pillow masks and certain top-tube nasal masks (like the AirFit N30i) are designed for this position. See our guide on CPAP masks for side sleepers.
What is your CPAP pressure?
If your pressure exceeds 15 cm H₂O, nasal pillow masks may become uncomfortable (pressure sensation in the nostrils). A nasal or full-face mask will be more appropriate.
Where to Start?
- Answer the mouth breathing question first. If yes → full-face mask.
- If you breathe through your nose: try a compact nasal mask first.
- If the nasal mask is too bulky or claustrophobic: move to a nasal pillow mask.
- Check compatibility with your prescribed CPAP pressure.